Canada’s Wage Structure in the First Half of the Twentieth Century (with comparisons to the United States and Great Britain)
نویسندگان
چکیده
We use tabulations on earnings, employment and weeks worked by detailed occupation from the 1911 1941 Canadian Censuses to generate a complete depiction of movements in Canada’s wage structure in this period. Previous research has had to rely on examinations of a restricted set of skilled/unskilled wage differentials. We find that the wage structure became much more equal in the WWI decade but this was more than offset by a substantial widening in the 1920s. The net effect is a substantial widening of the wage structure from the pre-WWI period to 1940. We show that this is not due to age, occupation or region composition shifts. This pattern is in strong contrast to the United States where there was substantial wage compression over the same period. Goldin and Katz(2001) argue this arises from the expansion of high school education in the US. We show that Canada underwent a similar educational transformation in this period and argue that the results may reflect the impacts of very different immigration policies in the two countries in the inter-war period.
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